Lesson 4: Potentiometer - Analog Input

/*
  Vumbua Synapse Kit - Lesson 4: Basic Potentiometer Reading
  Read analog values from potentiometer on pin A0
  Display raw value, voltage, and percentage
*/

const int potPin = A0;   // Potentiometer connected to analog pin A0

void setup() {
  // Initialize Serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  
  // Note: No pinMode needed for analog input pins
  
  Serial.println("Potentiometer Reading Program");
  Serial.println("=============================");
  Serial.println("Turn the potentiometer knob to see values change");
  Serial.println();
}

void loop() {
  // Read the potentiometer value (0-1023)
  int rawValue = analogRead(potPin);
  
  // Convert raw value to voltage (0-5V)
  float voltage = rawValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);
  
  // Convert to percentage (0-100%)
  int percentage = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100);
  
  // Display results in Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("Raw Value: ");
  Serial.print(rawValue);
  Serial.print("  |  Voltage: ");
  Serial.print(voltage);
  Serial.print("V  |  Position: ");
  Serial.print(percentage);
  Serial.println("%");
  
  // Wait before next reading (20 readings per second)
  delay(50);
}

/*
  Vumbua Synapse Kit - Lesson 4: Using map() Function
  Demonstrate different mapping applications
*/

const int potPin = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("map() Function Demonstration");
  Serial.println("==========================");
}

void loop() {
  int rawValue = analogRead(potPin);
  
  // Example 1: Percentage (0-100%)
  int percentage = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100);
  
  // Example 2: Angle (0-270 degrees)
  int angle = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, 0, 270);
  
  // Example 3: PWM Value (0-255 for analogWrite)
  int pwmValue = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  
  // Example 4: Temperature simulation (-10°C to 50°C)
  int temperature = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, -10, 50);
  
  // Example 5: Reverse mapping (1023 to 0)
  int reversed = map(rawValue, 0, 1023, 1023, 0);
  
  // Display all mapped values
  Serial.print("Raw: ");
  Serial.print(rawValue);
  Serial.print(" | %: ");
  Serial.print(percentage);
  Serial.print(" | Angle: ");
  Serial.print(angle);
  Serial.print("° | PWM: ");
  Serial.print(pwmValue);
  Serial.print(" | Temp: ");
  Serial.print(temperature);
  Serial.print("°C | Rev: ");
  Serial.print(reversed);
  Serial.println();
  
  delay(200);
}

/*
  Vumbua Synapse Kit - Lesson 4: LED Brightness Control
  Control LED brightness using potentiometer
  Uses PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) on pin 9
*/

const int potPin = A0;      // Potentiometer on A0
const int ledPin = 9;      // LED on pin 9 (PWM capable)

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.println("LED Brightness Controller");
  Serial.println("Turn potentiometer to adjust LED brightness");
}

void loop() {
  // Read potentiometer value (0-1023)
  int potValue = analogRead(potPin);
  
  // Map potentiometer value to PWM range (0-255)
  int brightness = map(potValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  
  // Set LED brightness using analogWrite()
  analogWrite(ledPin, brightness);
  
  // Calculate percentage for display
  int percentage = map(brightness, 0, 255, 0, 100);
  
  // Display status
  Serial.print("Potentiometer: ");
  Serial.print(potValue);
  Serial.print(" | Brightness: ");
  Serial.print(brightness);
  Serial.print(" (");
  Serial.print(percentage);
  Serial.println("%)");
  
  // Small delay for readability
  delay(100);
}

/*
  Vumbua Synapse Kit - Volume Control System
  Use potentiometer to control buzzer frequency and volume
*/

const int potPin = A0;       // Potentiometer on A0
const int buzzerPin = 3;    // Buzzer on pin 3
const int ledPin = 9;       // LED on pin 9

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.println("Volume Control System Active");
  Serial.println("Turn potentiometer to adjust tone");
}

void loop() {
  int potValue = analogRead(potPin);
  
  // Map to frequency range (100Hz to 2000Hz)
  int frequency = map(potValue, 0, 1023, 100, 2000);
  
  // Map to LED brightness (0-255)
  int brightness = map(potValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
  
  // Generate tone with current frequency
  tone(buzzerPin, frequency);
  
  // Control LED brightness
  analogWrite(ledPin, brightness);
  
  // Display status
  Serial.print("Position: ");
  Serial.print(map(potValue, 0, 1023, 0, 100));
  Serial.print("% | Frequency: ");
  Serial.print(frequency);
  Serial.println(" Hz");
  
  delay(100);
}

/*
  Vumbua Synapse Kit - RGB Color Mixer
  Cycle through colors using potentiometer
  Simulates RGB control using built-in LED
*/

const int potPin = A0;
const int redPin = 9;     // Simulated red channel
const int greenPin = 10;   // Simulated green channel
const int bluePin = 11;    // Simulated blue channel

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(greenPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(bluePin, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.println("RGB Color Mixer");
  Serial.println("Turn potentiometer to cycle through colors");
}

void loop() {
  int potValue = analogRead(potPin);
  
  // Create a color cycle based on potentiometer position
  int red, green, blue;
  
  if (potValue < 341) {
    // Red to Yellow
    red = 255;
    green = map(potValue, 0, 340, 0, 255);
    blue = 0;
  } else if (potValue < 682) {
    // Yellow to Green
    red = map(potValue, 341, 681, 255, 0);
    green = 255;
    blue = 0;
  } else {
    // Green to Blue
    red = 0;
    green = map(potValue, 682, 1023, 255, 0);
    blue = map(potValue, 682, 1023, 0, 255);
  }
  
  // Set colors
  analogWrite(redPin, red);
  analogWrite(greenPin, green);
  analogWrite(bluePin, blue);
  
  // Display color values
  Serial.print("RGB: (");
  Serial.print(red);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(green);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(blue);
  Serial.println(")");
  
  delay(100);
}